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Good afternoon,
Firstly, I want to thank UIMP for inviting me to these TEDxTalks.
This is my first TedxTalk.
A point in favor,
But I must bring up the fact, that I am the last one to present.
About a subject like this, which I consider to be over analyzed in certain aspects,
I’m going to be left or I have been left with no ideas.
I don’t think so, I think it isn’t the case.
After thinking about it, maybe not...
...Maybe I do have something to say.
And If I have to say something, it will be because we are very close to La Puerta del Sol
I’m reading it on twitter that in Barcelona, and all the cities in Spain have joined in as well.
And I think that this phenomenon is very important, and it has to do a lot came to talk to you about today...
...with what I to talk to you about today.
As a matter of fact it has changed a lot of the things and arguments that I had prepared.
Let’s check them out and so the key is this:
We are greater in the web society,
We are greater and we don’t tolerate to be treated as anything less,
As we used to in the past.
We are greater because we are together,
We are greater because we are connected,
And that is absolutely crucial and important for a human being.
This is the base of what is happening at La Puerta del Sol,
Of what we are going to live in the following years.
Let’s pray, those who believe and those who don’t let’s not pray.
It’s all the same,
So that the conflict doesn’t take a violent turn,
But I do believe in the organization of it.
And the power of taking what is being said online to the streets.
This phenomenon is important,
And we are going to hear and talk about it for a long time.
Not too long ago in one of the sessions...
...at the end one of the participants made a comment,
An emphatic and definitive comment,
Kind of how I like things.
In two years, politics is going to change so much,
It will have nothing to do with what we are living today.
I believe so, 15-M was the first day that here in Spain...
... we had proof that it will be like that.
Let’s check it out...
You can see, I had prepared this before,
But we have all had the same feeling for a while,
A feeling of crisis. I think this image is graphic.
It’s a sign from a protest.
But great thinkers or many have agreed for a while now.
I would recommend specially out of all of them to read Bauman,
The philosopher,
Consuming Life, his last book.
He is very old now, but he is still very lucid,
He states with a kind of pessimist tone, as a typical philosopher.
If there’s one here, could you tell me why philosophers are so pessimistic, I don’t understand.
But I do know that he analyzes very lucidly, precisely this subject.
The subject of how a human being on its own is nothing,
Later becomes a consumerist to satisfy the void of social instinct,
And how the ethics of modernity, he sees it very bleak and depressing,
Because of that individualism and isolationism.
My respond to that is, if I could talk to Bauman, which probably won’t happen,
But I would tell him, to open his eyes to social networking.
Because I think what’s happening is that...
...we are coming out of that, we are regaining that
And we are one way or other regaining that which was for us so special and essential,
Which could really change the world.
Only that will change it.
Tíscar was saying before, that the social aspect has always been there.
But what I think has changed is its potential.
Of course it has always been there,
But from my neighborhood I could do very little,
Today I can connect globally.
The phrase which helps me to understand it is...
An even greater “US”
Before “US” used to mean our family.
After that it was our religion, people who had your same beliefs.
After that it was the country, and the nation state.
The nation state is in crisis,
We are in a global world.
An even greater “US” is unstoppable and it has the capacity to change the world.
The crisis is everywhere.
I don’t know but I think that there are many things that seem to add up.
Sometimes we think that we live in special times, and other generation…
It is called “Presentism” the mistaken idea that we are better than others.
Yes, we are in special times.
One of the greatest tools of capitalism is nuclear energy
Has given us trouble lately, as you know.
I found out the other day in 1974...
...someone thought of,
Well it was actually planned to build a nuclear plant in Murcia.
I’m sorry, but Fukushima… Murcia.
All the associations are possible.
The popular movement at that time was able to stop it.
If not we could possibly be now in a situation like Fukushima.
I think we should,
It is time for change.
I think we are not too…
We are not feeling too special,
It is what is supposed to happen.
And I think this abundance of social relationships all over.
Clay Shirky talks about cognitive abundance,
About cognitive surplus,
He says that televisions, in his last book, that the unidirectional media...
...have left us dumbfounded,
It has made us dumb.
The television basically, or as a paradigm.
And he says that what we are gaining back now is that cognitive surplus, that intelligence...
...is emerging and it is creating powerful things such as Wikipedia.
There’s a phrase in the last book of Shirky
If the Wikipedia was created in the 1 % of the time that Americans...
...spend a year watching TV, what are we really capable of?
I think is also important this social surplus,
Not only the cognitive but also this social surplus.
This tendency to isolate ourselves,
The capability of the powers of isolating us.
I honestly think that the internet has escaped the hands of politicians.
I was listening to a speech of Hilary Clinton praising the internet a couple of years ago.
But after Wikileaks, because there is a before and after...
She wouldn’t repeat it.
Also, Obama used to speak about social transparency but ever since
I believe he would be more cautious and well I think he is doing so.
I think it has become somewhat out of their control.
I hope that it is the case and that they don’t terminate it.
Which I don’t think it could be possible anymore.
Another idea is the power of idea of organization with no organizations
...also from Shirky.
This cognitive abundance, in the educational sphere,
...evidently has to be exploited.
I think that in regards to that if I begin talking about it, I would repeat myself over and over...
...all the possibilities of intellectual development,
...cognitive development of learning on the web.
Of learning I’m going to keep on talking to you...
I think that yes, that the idea or what we can do in this context,
Is to motivate and facilitate the change.
The purpose of education is to help individuals to grow up as...
...free, happy, and accomplished citizens.
The subject of happiness and the feeling of accomplishment,
The auto publication that the internet is allowing us to do,
you have seen the case of Pep, paradigmatic.
Actually, I have a kid at the end that you will see,
I would have put Pep but I didn’t know about him until today.
Starting now I will use Pep in my presentations.
Free, Happy, accomplished.
Publishing, creating since very little.
And evidently responsible.
I constantly talk to my daughter, she looks at me weird.
But I tell her everyday:
Take advantage of what you have, I didn’t have it.
These possibilities that you have today,
Please, you have the tools in your hands to change the world.
I am lying to her. They don’t have the tools.
They have the ideas.
It’s about us giving them the tools.
And that depends on our politicians not on the educators.
Well, sometimes the educational system is at fault.
It’s typical that education is at fault.
“They don’t know how to participate”.
I don’t know if they don’t know how to participate,
Of course you have to educate them on how to contribute.
But as well we have to facilitate it and allow it.
If not, it doesn’t serve them for anything?
What is happening is that…
“They don’t have ideas” when they come into companies...
Are you giving them the opportunity to come up with ideas?
Or are there hierarchies in which the decision makers are the top executives?
Not allowing them to have the ideas.
If you ask them, their answer is obvious.
I am not going to talk anymore.
Bauman is going to speak now.
Don’t look for Bauman´s twitter. He doesn’t have one.
It is obviously a made up one.
It would be called Zbauman if he had one and tweeted.
Or maybe not, maybe it would be called something else.
Don’t look for it anyways.
“ In this fluid society, of constant change..”
“In this interconnected and networked society...”
Castells talks about the networked society that it is not about the knowledge,
Rather the connectivity which is changing.
I believe so.
There’s a phrase by Castells in regards to social networks,
Which helps us to understand what we have at La Puerta del Sol.
We are not the same since social networking.
We are greater, I would add.
We are stronger and more powerful.
When people who are powerful online face reality,
And they realize that they are nothing,
They go to La Puerta del Sol and they revindicate themselves.
“In a globalized society, diverse”
We have said it before,
Saskia Sassen is an author who talks about the subject.
In the possibility of being…
“In a empathic civilization“.
You know Rifkin, did you know he wrote this book before the internet.
It’s the same as Bauman.
I really think that internet propels, the connectivity propels empathy.
It’s something that has been studied.
There’s a hormone that it’s related to empathy which is Oxytocin,
It’s related with pregnancy and birthing,
But also with empathy.
So in situations of solidarity...
So when empathy increases, solidarity increases.
In the United States stores are perfumed, people are happier.
They use perfumes or air fresheners of Oxytocin.
So that people are happy and consume more.
Oxytocin, it has been proved,
That also increases the e-connections.
Virtual connections make brain mechanisms,
Function the same way as real connections do.
So for those who have the idea,
That the internet isolates us and makes us more antisocial and all of those recent ideas.
Once again about education.
It summarizes what has been said already.
In 5 years, Bill Gates said it,
It’s not just the few of us who dedicate ourselves to this...
But also businessmen.
Let’s not forget where he comes from.
“In 5 years the best education will come from the internet”.
And since it will come from the internet and in this context,
With all these ideas that I have left you with,
I think that the competencies that we have to foster,
This is the big picture, which we should aim for,
Curating of content.
From education we should move on to guidance and self-teaching.
We are constantly learning.
I think it has been repeated often, so I will not go into detail.
The competencies that we have to foster.
Jenkins said them.
The other presenters have mentioned them today as well.
But I think that can be summarized.
And the three most important ones are theses ones.
Criteria – not the duplication of ideas, create free thinkers.
They have proved to be so.
Creativity - now that we are click...
...away from all the answers the key are the questions.
Now that content is basically a commodity,
We can access all kinds of knowledge.
The important thing is to know where we want to go.
I mentioned it before,
That we have to tell our youth that they should know it.
I think they already know it.
I think what we need to do is realize this.
And move out of their way so they can take charge.
Study their conduct.
Going back to what I was saying before.
Be community managers of what they want to do.
Not just have politics 2.0 but also Democracy 2.0.
Be in social networking sites in order to know,
What they want and guide the country according to the needs of their citizens.
Intuition, filtering. The ability to interpret complex patterns.
I think this is another essential...
...quality in this increasingly complex world.
Our intuition is the best tool to deal with complex tasks.
I think it is also important to help it develop and maintain it alive.
I have to add...
How it changes or the importance of the social aspect.
How it is going to acquire very soon.
This is how the results in Google are going to appear in the near future.
Tiscar talked about.
That social trust and comfort that was seen at the local market,
...in towns, many years ago.
How now it has translated into the internet.
How it is important to have that social filter of information?
But when talking about educational environment.
We are talking about the personal learning environment,
Personal networks of learning.
That talk about it.
What is actually important to me in this overflow of information?
Well “my network” that which the university has helped me to construct,
Considers that is important this is a change, as you can see.
It is no longer about content but rather the sources and the contacts that my network,
And education has helped me bring together.
Soon, we will be able to tag everything.
So that when you use Google you will know what your social circle considers important.
We will have different circles.
Now I want to go party.
I will set my party profile,
And when I search in Google I will find what my social circle...
...has tagged as the best.
Now as a professional I will set up my professional profile,
And Google will give me different social circles.
With such great precision.
It will give me results and order them in a criterion relevant...
...to my social professional circle.
I quickly explained the idea because I usually go overtime,
Which I am probably doing right now.
Things that are not competencies or rather they are.
But that don’t need to be created (2.0 Attitudes)
Because I think we instead need to learn them from our youth.
We need to learn that they know how to share.
Pep doesn’t know why what he does is illegal.
Pep shares naturally, and there’s no way to make him understand why.
Neither to my daughter. It can be exasperating.
Authenticity - they are authentic, more than us.
I’ll keep saying it, the conversations that I have with young people,
I have come to realize that they have less foolishness.
I don’t know how to express it. But they are more authentic.
Maybe it’s that with age we become a little fake,
Because of the masks we put on over the years.
Transparency - They are more transparent.
Something that is looked down upon in social networking sites.
Is to pretend to be someone else. Something curious yet it happens today.
We talk about transparency in society not only so that Facebook has our information,
But also in the positive.
There is something positive about that transparency and authenticity,
Open mindedness to see opportunities,
Fun, related with intelligence and creativity.
They know how to have fun. Before we saw having fun as not being serious.
Today that has changed. Brands have adapted to that.
They make fun ads.
Which in my generation they would have caused us not to buy the product.
“Like Volkswagen and the foolishness they say on their ads”
“Or George Clooney drinking Nespresso…” or something like that.
All these example of fun ads, which in other times would have not been appreciated.
Let’s learn from all of this because...
...I believe that these are important attitudes and qualities.
We can call them Attitudes 2.0.
Informal environments, enriched environments.
I think we have talked about that a lot,
There’s no need to talk about it more
But what it is true, as all of my colleagues have mentioned.
It is no longer about education or...
...learning taking place at any time or any place
But that these times and places are now richer,
More entertaining, more fun, more everything.
Than school and its places, classrooms in general,
Than the university in general.
In other words, we fight against that,
Which actually it serves us more not to fight against it.
I always give the example of how in the United States there are studies...
...that have analyzed the academic failure of boys and girls.
During the break,
I talked with some of you about how the future is for women in certain aspects.
But also in this one.
There have been many articles lately in serious American publications talking about this subject.
About the subject of how women are finishing their academic cycle, obtaining diplomas.
All the while men are falling behind.
It’s a curious story and it depends a bit.
There’s a powerful argument that bases itself on what boys and girls do after school.
What do girls do after school?
Stereotypes of their gender and I’m sorry but they are true and associate greatly.
What do boys do? They get on a magnificent bird,
World of War Craft It is a virtual game.
A game in which you interact which has a high social component in which you learn.
Inevitably, it’s a community, like the Lostpedia.
The phenomenon of the Lostpedia and Lost and all that it created.
So, in this kind of immersive game environment,
They ride this bird, survive a thousand battles, they resuscitate 12 times.
It is a powerful immersive environment.
So the next day they go to school and they are bored, obviously.
Girls don’t suffer from this as much...
It might seem foolish...
There’s a TedTalk that explains it,
I forgot the name of its author,
With stats and data It is great because you realize that this is a reality.
The informal environment of boys is richer in this sense.
Making it easier to educate girls, easier to keep them under control in the classroom.
Let’s move on...
Not too long ago I participated in the Horizon Report,
A study about tendencies and what realities...
...are actually happening in the environments of higher education around the world.
I found it funny that one of the subjects that comes up often in debates about education...
...is the one that has been stated by my colleagues.
But is this all new? Well let’s see...
About social learning, that we learn in groups,
Think of the guilds of the old days
Professional communities.
Is this really all new?
No, simply it is propelled by the internet It doesn’t totally change the paradigm.
Many of these things we can’t say that they change the paradigm regarding education.
These are the tendencies of the Horizon Report which you can see.
And I have put in red the ones that I think that actually do suggest a change...
.... in paradigm that has not occurred yet.
We are not living this change of paradigm yet;
We have not really reached or started the road towards this.
E-books. Digitalization is nothing new;
We are really not doing anything.
If we put in paper or we digitalize it and nothing else and not adding components,
Then we are really not doing anything.
Mobile devices.
Here I had my doubts but I don’t think they are not all that new.
Because if you think about augmented reality,
Which is probably the one with the most potential in education.
Augmented reality at the end is the same as going on a field trip with the teacher.
I remember fantastic field trips with my history of the arts professor,
In which he augmented my reality with his lecture.
In reality these are technologies that improve upon, like Ismael mentioned earlier, older methods.
In another case, the paradigm will not .
Learning based on games.
There’s another fantastic TedTalk which talks about games created with trash.
I don’t know if you have seen it, it is great.
In poor countries, how to utilize things being thrown out to teach,
To create things, to educate.
I don’t think it’s new either, we have taught through games for a while.
But today they are more immersive, like World of War Craft.
We keep on talking about the same thing.
But I believe that we will live
And as you can see the two red ones at the end
A change of paradigm in education, inevitably when we talk about,
I have it clear that when a child, actually
In regards to children with autism, the iPad has revolutionized.
Because they are basically learning a lot more from it,
The ability to touch enables appropriation,
And the ability to appropriate, as all my colleagues mentioned before me,
Have distinguished it as powerful element of learning.
I believe that touch technologies, the kinetics…
I believe that this will lead to a change in the way we learn, a change of paradigm.
As you can see, we are talking about a time line of 4 to 5 years,
So we will continue to talk about the subject.
I do believe though the education revolution is coming.
And when you add these elements we can say that it will happen.
Analytics of learning when you will be able to self-teach but also,
And there are systems evidently but they are very minor.
But also have a machine that collects date about your learning style and process and...
...tell you your areas of weakness.
This will also lead to a constant feedback of learning that we can say will change education.
I am so overtime, so I will finish soon.
I think that in this sense too we live a change of paradigm.
And I believe that Pep also assumes a change of paradigm.
Here we have the boy who is like Pep, now that I know Pep I will put Pep instead.
But the story is that this boy created in February of 2011.
The most downloaded free application of the App Store,
It is kind of the same situation, since it was free there have been no legal issues with it.
But really this kid could be a millionaire.
An application from the App Store are applications for the iPhone and iPad.
They have a great demand.
The people behind the Angry Birds, if someone is a fanatic.
They are now millionaires, It is now a multinational company.
Bubble Ball is the name of the game His mom helped him out, who is physics teacher.
But really what we can’t keep on saying is that there only exists one kind of intelligence.
And we should support this kind of intelligence over all.
I have this video to finish up.
Which I believe clearly expresses what I have been telling you.
It’s directed to the phenomenon of children psychiatry and the many “disorders”.
But I think it helps to redefine the concept of intelligence as well.
Which we should do.
It’s by the association against the disorder labeling in children.
I think we have motives to not label, penalize.
And there is a lot of redefinition of concepts in this crisis which we are living in.
Here I have this image as a summary.
We are heading towards a Society 2.0
I will not go into detail because there is no more time,
But I think that when this all started.
I tweeted something that I realized later was wrong,
I tweeted this phrase:
“If you don’t let us dream you will not let you sleep.”
They don’t want to dream they want to DO.
They want the future in their hands and not just in their dreams.
I think there is where they revindicate themselves,
And that’s the key of what we should gain from this Democracy 2.0
The democracy we should have.
Thank You.